Development of comprehensive dynamic models of the train–track system. Utilisation of advanced non-linear wheel–rail contact as well as complex elements or joints in the vehicle model throug Multibody System Dynamics tools. Consideration of the flexibility of the rail and the slab using FEM models of the track. Combined MBS–FEM representation of the vehicle–track model and analysis of dynamic phenomena in a wide frequency range.

Development of wheel-rail interaction models in the spatial domain obtained from the transformation of a comprehensive frequency domain model, fitting track receptances via transfer functions. Consideration of an extremely detailed model in the frequency domain to obtain a simplified spatial domain model valid up to frequencies as high as required for each particular problem.