The elective course "Management and Practice of the Dental Profession and History of Dentistry" is offered in the second year of the Dentistry Degree (Plan GODONT30) and is taught by the Department II of Stomatology. It consists of two different parts grouped into a single subject. On one side, the History of Dentistry covers aspects related not only to dentistry but also to the history of medicine and general history. These aspects allow for contextualizing medical and dental advancements within the cultural and socioeconomic context of each historical period. On the other side, the section on Practice and Management of the Dental Profession focuses on all aspects necessary for the operation of a dental healthcare center (from its opening to daily management), human resource management, current regulations, economic management, professional training, and other aspects.

This course also includes a significant part focused on career opportunities. It analyzes and reflects on postgraduate training possibilities and includes a section dedicated to job searching. It examines the situation of the dental market and conducts practical workshops on techniques to more effectively navigate personnel selection processes.

No specific prior knowledge is required to take this course.



Recommendations:



Basic knowledge of office software.

Proficiency in presentation with software (PowerPoint/Keynote).

Basic proficiency in technical English.

New digital teaching tools are being implemented in this course.

COMPETENCIES in Practice and Management of the Dental Profession:



Understand the fundamental requirements for practicing the dentist profession.

Know the legal requirements for starting a dental business.

Understand the main ethical and deontological values of the profession.

Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of different possibilities for practicing the profession.

Master the principles of team management.

Know how to conduct a personnel selection process.

Have a basic understanding of the main techniques and tools for economic management and administration of a dental business.

Be capable of developing improvement plans and quality control systems.

Enhance self-learning resources.

Understand how personnel selection processes are conducted in companies.





COMPETENCIES in History of Dentistry:

Recognize the main advances in dentistry and medicine in their historical context.

Recognize the contributions of the key figures in the history of medicine and dentistry.

Understand the evolutionary process of healthcare.

Understand the historical evolution of the fundamentals of research.

Know the fundamental aspects of dentistry in relation to human evolution.

Understand the historical foundations and evolution of ethics and deontology in research.



LEARNING OUTCOMES:

Be capable of managing a dental business in all its facets: economic, legal, administrative, and human.

Know the main employment and educational opportunities available after completing the degree.

Know the major milestones in the history of medicine and dentistry.

Be aware of the importance of professional and research practices that are integral and respectful of the ethics and deontology of the profession.

Be able to approach a personnel selection process with greater confidence during job hunting.

Have more information when deciding whether to pursue postgraduate studies.

SYLLABUS: MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE OF THE DENTAL PROFESSION AND HISTORY OF DENTISTRY



BLOCK I: MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE OF THE DENTAL PROFESSION



Topic 1: Current situation in dentistry. Future perspectives.

Topic 2: Setting up a dental practice.

Topic 3: Market strategies in dentistry.

Topic 4: The human team in the dental practice.

Topic 5: Human resource management in dentistry.

Topic 6: Basic marketing concepts.

Topic 7: Advertising in dentistry.

Topic 8: Patient care and retention.

Topic 9: Administration in dentistry.

Topic 10: Quality controls.



BLOCK II: HISTORY OF DENTISTRY



Topic 1: General concepts. History-Prehistory. Hominization. Dental remains in paleoanthropological research.

Topic 2: Primitive Medicine. Paleolithic-Neolithic. First "healers".

Topic 3: Dentistry in ancient civilizations I: Egypt. Asia.

Topic 4: Dentistry in ancient civilizations II: China. India. Japan. Amerindian cultures.

Topic 5: Classical World I: Greece. Hippocrates.

Topic 6: Classical World II: Rome. Galen. Celsus.

Topic 7: Middle Ages I: Byzantine Empire. Arab territories. Rhazes. Avicenna. Abulcassis.

Topic 8: Middle Ages II: Medieval hospitals. Universities.

Topic 9: Renaissance: Rise of Anatomy. Vesalius. Paracelsus. Ambroise Paré.

Topic 10: 17th Century: Experimental method. Measuring instruments. Invention of the microscope.

Topic 11: 18th Century: New scientific methods. Pierre Fauchard.

Topic 12: 19th Century: Anesthesia. Origins of radiology. Black. Miller.

Topic 13: 20th Century (I): Immunology. Genetics. Antimicrobial fight.

Topic 14: 20th Century (II): Development of prevention. Fluoride. Angle. Development of dental materials.

Topic 15: Women in the history of medicine and dentistry.

Topic 16: History of dental materials.

Topic 17: History of operative dentistry.

Topic 18: History of orthodontics.

Topic 19: History of periodontology.

Topic 20: History of oral surgery.

Topic 21: History of prosthetics.

Topic 22: History of orofacial pain and its treatment.

Topic 23: History of oral medicine and pathology.

Topic 24: History of implantology.

Topic 25: Great figures of modern dentistry.

In-person classes will have three components. The first component involves brief student presentations related to the topics of each lecture, serving as an introduction to the subject matter to be covered by the teacher. Topics for these introductions will be provided in advance by the teacher, aiming to promote interactivity and dialogue as teaching tools. Active participation and engagement will be positively evaluated.



During the lecture presentation, "units" or short presentations will be used, interspersed with audiovisual resources (short videos). The objective is to make the presentations more dynamic and encourage the use of "educational pills." Some lectures will include innovative teaching resources (2.0 resources, gamification techniques, and the use of smartphones).



At the end of each in-person class, there will be a brief debate session to delve deeper into previously covered topics. Practical classes are MANDATORY. These classes follow a Workshop-Practice model.



Practical classes are conducted in dental clinics (without patients) or classrooms, aiming to simulate real situations. They will cover various topics related to different aspects of management. Computer resources and "Role-play" techniques will be used. All practicals are interconnected and follow a common thread, applying concepts of innovative teaching.



Group or collaborative work will be emphasized in these practicals. Some practicals will focus on problem-solving, employing PBL (problem-based learning) techniques.



The subject's E-Gela (virtual classroom) will be actively used. The subject has a virtual classroom that serves to interact during practicals, expand knowledge, provide legal documentation, etc.

• Final Assessment System
• Tools and qualification percentages:
  • Realization of Practical Work (exercises, cases or problems) (%): 60
  • Team projects (problem solving, project design)) (%): 20
  • Exhibition of works, readings ... (%): 10
  • Portfolio (%): 10

Cuadro de textoPortfolio 10%



General Evaluation Aspects Applicable to All Types of Evaluation (Continuous and Final):



Attendance and completion of practical contents: Attendance, completion, and passing of all practical contents are mandatory, as they address the Learning Outcomes of the subject, and therefore, absence cannot exceed the limits established by the regulations and must be duly justified according to them. (UPV/EHU Student Regulations. RESOLUTION November 2016, (https://www.ehu.eus/documents/3026289/3106907/Reglamento_Alumnado_UPV_EHU.pdf)

Plagiarism: Presenting a copy or imitation of work done by third parties as one's own is not allowed. Students must be familiar with and use citation norms. Suspected plagiarism may result in the rejection of assignments and consequently, failure to pass the subject.

Preferred Evaluation System and Minimum Requirements to Pass the Subject: Continuous evaluation will preferably be conducted. To pass the subject, it will be necessary to separately pass both the theoretical and practical contents.

Final Evaluation (Requirements): If a student opts out of continuous evaluation and requests a single final exam, they must confirm their intention to take the practical part of the exam beforehand (at least 3 weeks before the exam). Failure to comply or not appearing for the exam will result in automatic failure in both ordinary and extraordinary sessions.

Evaluation with 100% Face-to-Face Teaching:

The evaluation of this subject will be continuous throughout the semester, accounting for 100% of the subject grade. It will be conducted through:



Classroom and non-face-to-face task submissions

Classroom presentations/Work presentations

Participation in practical sessions

Teamwork

Portfolio

Final Evaluation (Requirements):

If a student opts out of continuous evaluation and requests a single final exam, they must confirm their intention to take the practical part of the exam beforehand (at least 3 weeks before the exam). Failure to comply or not appearing for the exam will result in automatic failure in both ordinary and extraordinary sessions. Requesting the final evaluation exam does not exempt students from completing mandatory subject contents.



Students who request it may opt for a single final theoretical and practical exam, consisting of:



Continuous evaluation: 30% of the subject grade.

Completing continuous evaluation, attendance, and clinical practices, participating in and resolving activities carried out in clinical practices, as well as completing assigned tasks during the academic year.

Individual final exam: 70% of the subject grade. It will be the final oral exam on the part of the subject that has not been evaluated in continuous evaluation, consisting of a test on theoretical aspects covered in lectures, including work presentations or readings.

Students opting for the final evaluation must obtain a minimum grade of 7 out of 10 to pass the subject. Acceptance of the practical and theoretical parts must be separate.

If, due to epidemiological reasons, face-to-face evaluation is not possible, an alternative final evaluation will be proposed according to the circumstances.

All sessions and tasks proposed by the faculty to replace face-to-face teaching will be mandatory and will form part of the subject evaluation.

In the extraordinary session, the same evaluation criteria will be followed as those used for students who cannot participate in the mixed evaluation and opt for the final evaluation.

Basic bibliography

-*Carranza, FA y Shklar, G. (2009. Historia de la periodontología. Ripano D.L. Madrid

- Dormandy, T. (2010) El peor de los males: la lucha contra el dolor a lo largo de la Historia. Machado Libros. Madrid

Guerra F. (2007) Historia de la Medicina (3ª edición). Ed Capitel

Gormley Nuñez, JA. (2022) Serie La muerte del dolor. Libro Octavo. Desarrollo histórico del dolor y su tratamiento: el gusano dental y los males de la boca. Independentely published.

López Piñero JM. (2007) Breve historia de la medicina. Ed capitel

Matrio T. (2015) Gestión en odontología. Ed Bellisco. Madrid

*Ramírez Skinner, H. (2014) Historia general de la odontología: el arte dental como acto médico. Editorial Académica Española. Madrid

*Ring Malvin, E. (1989) Historia ilustrada de la odontología. Mosby Doyma Libros. Barcelona

*Sanz Serrulla J. (1999) Historia general de la odontología española. Masson. Barcelona

*Disponible en la biblioteca

In-depth bibliography

-Corella JM. (2014) La gestión de servicios de salud. Ed Díaz de Santos
-De Val-Pardo I. (2014) Dirección y Gestión hospitalaria de vanguardia. Ed Díaz de Santos

Journals

Asclepio. Revista de Historia de la Medicina y de la Ciencia, (antiguo "Archivo Iberoamericano de Historia de la Medicina y Antropología Médica")
Medicina&Historia (ISSN: 0300-8169)

Web addresses

o http://www. medhist.ac.uk/
o http://www. bium. univ-paris5. fr/aspad/debut.htm
o http://www. bium. univ-paris5.fr/histmed
o http://www. infomed.es/amudenes
o http://www.historiadelamedicina.org/
o http://www.sehm.org/
o http://www.infomed.es/seho/
o http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
o http://www.nlm.nih.gov/