Human physiology is the science in charge of studying the functioning of the different structures that make up the human body, delving more specifically into those related to the stomatognathic apparatus, at a molecular, cellular, tissue and organic level. It is taught in the first year of the Dentistry degree by Professors: Euclides Sabino (Coordinator), Blanca Fernández and Igor Aurrekoetxea. It consists of the following systems: gastrointestinal systems responsible for cutting, crushing, grinding, digesting and absorbing food; respiratory for the uptake of O2 and the elimination of CO2; cardiovascular to distribute food, O2 and the products of metabolism; urinal to remove waste; nervous and endocrine for the coordination and integration of the functions of the other systems and nutrition to know the requirements, absorption and function of the immediate principles, vitamins, minerals and trace elements.

The skills are: 1. Interpret and recognize the normal structure and function of the human body, at the molecular, cellular, tissue, organic and systems level, throughout life; 2. Know the biomedical sciences on which Dentistry is based to ensure correct oral-dental care; 3. Know the morphology and function of the stomatognathic apparatus, including appropriate content on specific embryology, anatomy, histology and physiology...; 4. Critically use information sources and communication technologies in order to obtain, interpret, synthesize, communicate and apply scientific information in the fields of health.

The learning outcomes are: 1. Explain concepts, processes, principles and basic theories related to the functioning of different organs, devices and systems of the human organism in a state of health, with special mention to the digestive, circulatory, respiratory, locomotor, and highly strung; 2. Predict and justify the modifications that will take place in physiological activities, through the intervention of regulatory mechanisms, to adapt them to external alterations (environmental changes) and internal alterations (diseases), with the aim of achieving “homeostasis”; 3. Perform and interpret the most basic functional tests in Dentistry, placing special emphasis on the foundation of the technique, the procedure of use and the bases of its interpretation; 4. Interpret and critically evaluate the physiological mechanisms involved in elementary pathophysiological situations through the analysis of simple clinical cases related to the concepts explained in the subject.

The Physiology and Nutrition syllabus is summarized into several thematic blocks: 1. General physiology of the muscle and neuron. Topics 1–6; 2. Physiology of the nervous system. Topics 7–12; 3. Physiology of the endocrine system. Topics 13-16; 4. Blood and Hematopoietic Organs. Topic 17; 5. Physiology of the cardiocirculatory system. Topics 18-20; 6. Physiology of the Renal System. Topics 21-22; 7. Physiology of the Respiratory System. Topics 23-25; 8. Physiology of the Digestive System. Topics 26-29; 9. Nutrition. Topics 30-40.

Summary agenda of other training activities (seminars, practices...). ● Seminar Program with 15-20 students (*4h Student Time) and with Tutored Work; ● Classroom Practice Program with 35-45 students (*0.5h T. Students): PA1. Exploration of the stomatognathic apparatus (2h); PA2. Na+, K+ and Cl- ions: equilibrium potentials in neurons. Nernst and Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz equations; its application to the calculation of membrane potentials in nerve cells (2h). PA3. Oral rehydration therapy. Physiological importance of osmotic factors (2h).

● Practical laboratory program with 16-20 students (*0.5h Student Time). PL1. Liquid circulation (2h); PL2. Tissue elasticity (2h); PL3. Lung model (2h); PL4. Audiometry (2H); PL5 Ultrasounds (2h); PL6. Imaging in the eye (2H); PL7. Diopter Power (2h); PL8. Electrocardiography (2h); PL9, PL10 and PL11. Measurement and recording of the bioelectric activity of the membrane in nerve and muscle fibers (2 hours each).

Brief description of the seminars. S1: Know the methods of measuring the concentrations of solutions (1, 3); S2: Know and explain how signal transduction occurs in the visual and auditory systems (3, 4); S3: Know and explain the basis of electrolyte distribution in body fluids (1, 2, 3); S4: Know the postsynaptic electrical activities (1, 2, 4); S5: Know the muscle contraction model (1, 2, 3, 4); ST1: Know and explain the basic functioning of the body's acid-base regulation (1, 2, 3, 4); ST2: Know the energy systems of muscle contraction and apply them to different types of physical exercise (1, 2, 3, 4).

Brief description of classroom practices. PA1: Know and practice the calculation of energy income requirements based on the body's energy expenditure (2, 3, 4); PA2: Learn to calculate cell membrane potentials (1, 2, 3, 4); PA3 Apply knowledge about particle movements in cells to specific treatments (3, 4).

• Continuous Assessment System
• Final Assessment System
• Tools and qualification percentages:
  • Written test to be taken (%): 30
  • Multiple-Choice Test (%): 35
  • Team projects (problem solving, project design)) (%): 25
  • Exhibition of works, readings ... (%): 10

The multiple choice exam to be developed is valued at 8 points.

The practices, the work carried out and their presentation are valued with 2 points.



To waive the ordinary call for the subject, it is enough to not take the final exam.

In accordance with the new Permanence Regulations approved by the Social Council on March 26, 2014, it is established to adopt the following criteria to waive the call for evaluation of the Physiology of the 1st course of the Degree in Dentistry:

1. Students may waive the evaluation call, which means that it will not be counted.

2. In general, whatever the evaluation method, if the completion of a final test is contemplated that represents at least 50% of the total grade for the subject, failure to take said test will mean the renunciation of the evaluation call and will appear as a Not Presented.

3. In the event that the evaluation continues and when the completion of a final test is contemplated that represents less than 50% of the total grade for the subject, students may present their resignation from the evaluation call by writing. addressed to the teacher who teaches the subject and its coordinator, within a period of no less than ten days before the start date of the official exam period, and provided that the teaching guide for the subject has not established a different notice period.

To waive the extraordinary call for the subject, it is enough to not appear for the final exam.

In accordance with the new Permanence Regulations approved by the Social Council on March 26, 2014, it is established to adopt the following criteria to waive the call for evaluation of the Physiology of the 1st course of the Degree in Dentistry:

1. Students may waive the evaluation call, which means that it will not be counted.

2. In general, whatever the evaluation method, if the completion of a final test is contemplated that represents at least 50% of the total grade for the subject, failure to take said test will mean the renunciation of the evaluation call and will appear as a Not Presented.

3. In the event that the evaluation continues and when the completion of a final test is contemplated that represents less than 50% of the total grade for the subject, students may present their resignation from the evaluation call by writing. addressed to the teacher who teaches the subject and its coordinator, within a period of no less than ten days before the start date of the official exam period, and provided that the teaching guide for the subject has not established a different notice period.

COMPULSORY STUDY MATERIAL TO USE
In the virtual classroom (eGela), students will have access to the learning material presented in class: class presentations, articles, worksheets, etc.
It will be mandatory to go to the laboratory practices in a personal gown. And it will also be essential to bring the relevant resources to acquire and study the necessary learning material for any practice: books, texts, notes, copies, tablet, computer, etc.).

Basic bibliography

Guyton & Hall. Compendio de Fisiología Médica (11ª ed). Ed. Elsevier, 2007.

A. Córdova. Fisiología Dinámica. Ed. Masson, 2003.

Biesalski ● Grima. Nutrición. Ed. Panamericana, 2007.

Silverthorn. Fisiología humana (6ª ed.). Ed. Panamericana, 2014.

In-depth bibliography

Guyton y Hall. Tratado de Fisiología Médica (12ª ed.) Ed. Elsevier.
Berne, R.M., Levy, M.N. Fisiología (3ra ed.). Ed. Harcourt-Mosby-Elsevier, 2002.
Pocock/Richards. Fisiología Humana (2da ed). Ed. Masson, 2005.- Murray, Granner, Mayes & Roswell. Bioquímica de Harper (15a ed). Ed. Manual moderno, 2001.
Alberts. Introducción a la Biología Celular (2da ed). Ed Panamericana, 2004. Nutrición- Krause. Nutrición y Dietoterapia. Ed Interamericana, 2000; Martinez, A.J. Fundamentos teórico-prácticos de Nutrición y Dietética. Ed Mc Graw-Hill Interamericana, 2000; Mataix, J. Nutrición y alimentación humana. Tomo I y II ¿Ed. Ergón. Madrid.2002De profundización; Pfreundschuh & Schömerich. Fisiopatología y Bioquímica. Ed. Harcourt-Elsevier Science, 2002; Ganong. Fisiología Humana (19a. Ed), Ed. Manual moderno, 2005; SENC (Sociedad Española de Nutrición Comunitaria); Guía de alimentación saludable. SENC, Madrid, 2004; Planas M., Pérez-Portabella C. Fisiopatología aplicada a la nutrición, 2004.- Bender D. "Nutritional biochemistry of the vitamins" Cambridge University Press 2003

Journals

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Web addresses

• Human Physiology. Dee Unglaub Silverhorn. http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/silverhorn2/

• Pocock & Richards: Human Physiology. OUP.
http://www.oup.com/uk/bookssites/content/0198585276/


• Human Physiology. Stuart Fox
http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0070272352/instructor

Human Physiology. McGraw Hill. http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/ap/vander8e/instructor