Throughout this course (SFII), students will acquire basic knowledge about different science fields, such as: genetics, cell metabolism and nutrition, that will help them to understand the function of the human body in a microscopic view.

This subject (SF II) is part of the module Structure and Function of the Human Body, which consists of three subjects: SFI, SFII and SFIII. It complements the anatomical knowledge acquired in the subject SFI, by providing a comprehensive knowledge of the molecular and cellular functioning of the body that is necessary to understand the physiology of body systems (SF III, second term).

The genetic knowledge adquired during this course will help the students to understand how genetic mutations affect the human phenotyps, as well as how they can be inherited throughout generations. Cellular and metabolic knowledge will help students to understand the way that cells get energy from nutrients, once they are digested and absorbed by the digestive tract. For that, it will important to explain the process of digestion from the moment that food enters mouth until it reaches the cell. Finally nutritional knowledge wil help students to choose the most adequate and healthy food in order to improve the dietary habits for general population.

Therefore, the subject contributes to having biomedical profile in the field of nursing in order to provide scientific-technical knowledge for understanding the origin of diseases, the healing processes and inflammation by explaining the molecular mechanism of the cells. It contributes to the biomedical need to promote healthy eating habits for the population as a method of health promotion and disease prevention.



Prerequisites for the subject:

The student must have basic knowledge of the cell and its components as well as Mendelian genetics and the processes of cell division (mitosis and meiosis). Also student must have previewed cellular metabolism of an eukaryotic cell, as well as the chemical structure of the basic nutrients for food: carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. It will be necessary to work the connection of these concepts in class in order to understand the function of cellular metabolism and their integration into the physiological processes of the human body.

1. Identify the atomic and molecular structure of the main organic compounds and the effects of ionizing radiation in relation to the human body.

2. Explain the basic concepts of genetics and their relationship to the inheritance of human morphophysiological characters.

3. Explain the main cellular metabolic pathways and their regulation.

4. Identify nutritional needs according to the physiological state of the individual by interpreting eating habits.



Transversal competence: Critical Thinking. This competence will be analyzed through the following indicators of competence: formulation and analysis of ones’ and others' judgments, use of criteria and awareness of the practical implications.



LEARNING ACHIEVEMENTS



For competence C1: Identify the atomic and molecular structure of the main organic compounds and the effects of ionizing radiation in relation to the human body.

-To differentiate the terms: atom, element, molecule and compound.

-To analyze the structure and function of the following organic molecules: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids.

-To understand the importance of applied radioactivity in the area of health.

-To recognize and understand the colors and pictograms of radioprotection.



For the competence C2: Explain the basic concepts of genetics and their relationship to the inheritance of human morphophysiological characters.



- To differentiate between mitosis and meiosis to understand the importance of cell growth.

- To differentiate the genetic and epigenetic origin of chronic diseases.

- To recognize the main genetic concepts and genomic mutations that are known in humans.

- To recognize the different patterns of human inheritance of a particular pathology by analyzing a genetic pedigree.



For the competence C3: Explain the main cellular metabolic pathways and their regulation.



- To identify and understand the different types of metabolism, as well as the stages in which it is subdivided.

- To differentiate the main metabolic control mechanisms of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins.

- To know the main factors that influence the activation or inhibition that regulates the metabolic routes.

- To understand the metabolic effect of hormonal action in different physiological states.



For the competence C4: Identify nutritional needs according to the physiological state of the individual by interpreting eating habits.



- To identify the different food groups that contain the essential nutrients.

- To recognize the bad eating habits of the population by analyzing the individual diary intake.

- To explain the concept of balanced diet for the population.

- To know the dietary recommendations for the general population.

- To investigate the effect that additives, good labeling and hygiene in food have on our health.

UNIT 1 (UT1): BIOPHYSICS AND BASIC RADIOLOGY

1.1. Atoms and atomic bonds

1.2. Ionizing radiation and interaction with living matter

1.3. Radiobiology and radioprotection



UNIT 2 (UT2): HUMAN GENETICS

2.1. Cell division: mitosis and meiosis

2.2. Mutations

2.3. Human Inheritance



UNIT 3 (UT3): BIOCHEMISTRY AND METABOLISM

3.1. Biomolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids) y biocatalysts (enzymes)

3.2. Metabolic reactions: anabolism and catabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins

3.3. Regulation of cellular metabolism

3.4. Integration of the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins



UNIT 4 (UT4): NUTRITION

4.1. Food groups

4.2. Balanced diet

4.3. Dietary recommendations and pyramids.

This subject consists of 3 teaching modalities: master classes (50 hours), Seminars (6 hours) and Classroom Practices (4 hours).



Master Classes

The fundamental concepts and development of the proposed contents are presented in the classroom. The purpose is to transmit the contents of the subject, motivating students to reflect, facilitating the discovery of the relationships between various concepts and forming a critical mindset. The tasks carried out in class will be carried out in groups or in pairs, so that the students share the knowledge acquired in order to search for the answer or solution to the proposed exercises.

The core of the course has been designed with active methodologies, where students will work in collaborative groups to solve a problem based on Problem-Based Learning (ABP) that encourages cooperative learning.



Classroom practices and seminars



In practical classes, students must apply their knowledge and acquire basic skills to develop solutions to problems posed. Therefore, the fundamental characteristic of this method is that the student learns how to act. The advantages of practical classes are that the student is an active participant in their instruction through personal experience that requires skill and ability.



Seminars: Distributed in 3 sessions, (2 hours each).



In each session, the student will develop some topics related to the matter of the area of knowledge (individually or in groups). The organizational mode of the teaching-learning process involves a deep coverage of a topic related to the matter. Incorporating inquiry-based activities, discussion or debate (DUG), reflection and exchange of knowledge.



Classroom Practical works: Distributed in two sessions of 2 hours each.

Each one is performed individually or in pairs. The organizational mode of teaching is focused on the acquisition and application of specific instrumental skills on a particular topic: balanced diet and the evaluation of my eating habits.

• Continuous Assessment System
• Final Assessment System
• Tools and qualification percentages:
  • THEORETICAL PART (70%) AND PRACTICAL PART (30%): Both parts are necessary to be overcome to pass the subject. (%): 100

Continuous Assessment and / or Final Assessment:



Continuous assessment:



1. Theoretical part: this section has a maximum mark of 7 points on the total mark for the course. This part will be evaluated through test-type tests and / or short questions and / or development questions and / or clinical cases and / or assignments and/or oral test. All deliverable tasks will be mandatory in order to carry out the continuous evaluation.



2. Part Practices and seminars: this section has a maximum mark of 3 points on the total mark for the course. It will be evaluated by means of test-type tests and / or short questions and / or development questions and / or clinical cases and / or assignments and/or oral test.



To pass the subject it will be an ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENT TO APPROVE EACH ONE OF THE TWO PARTS: (1) theoretical part (2) practical part and seminars. If any of the parts is failed, the final grade will correspond to the failed part (without summing up).





In any case, the students will have the right to be evaluated through the final evaluation system, regardless of whether or not they have participated in the continuous evaluation system. To this end, the students must submit to the teachers the waiver of the continuous evaluation, for which they will have a period of 9 weeks for the four-month courses to be counted from the beginning of the quarter or year respectively, according to the academic calendar of the center (article 8, BOE 13 March 2017)



Final evaluation:

In the final assessment, students must demonstrate that they have acquired the knowledge and all the skills of the subject. The final assessment could be consisted of a written test and / or an oral test. The written test will be evaluated by means of test questions and / or questions to be developed and / or short questions and / or clinical cases. The oral test will evaluate the students on the theoretical and practical contents of the subject.



To pass the final test, it will be necessary to pass 50% of all the tests carried out in the final evaluation.

1.– Students who do not pass the subject in the regular exam, regardless of the evaluation system chosen, they will have the right to attend the exams and evaluation activities that constitute the final evaluation test of the extraordinary call.



2.- The final evaluation test of the extraordinary call will consist in many exams and evaluation activities are necessary to be able to evaluate and measure the learning process of the student, in a way similar to those evaluated in the regular examination.

Guía Práctica para evaluar nuestra alimentación: Herramientas, cálculos y recomendaciones. Gravina, Fernández, Caballero. (2022). Ed. UPV/EHU.

Basic bibliography

- MacLaren D. (2011). Biochemistry of Sport and Exercise Metabolism. Ed. Wiley.

-Waedlaw & Hampl. (2006). Perspectives in nutrition. (7th ed). Boston: McGraw-Hill.

- Escudero, Sánchez, Borrás & Serrat. (2011). Estructura y Función del Cuerpo Humano (2º Ed). Madrid: Ediciones McGraw-Hill-Interamericana.

- Thibodeau & Patton. (2012). Estructura y Función del Cuerpo Humano. Barcelona: Elsevier.

- Nutrición y Dietética. (1994). Master de enfermería. Editorial Masson.

- Gil, Martínez & Ruiz. (2019). Nutrición y Salud. Madrid: Panamericana.

- Feduchi, Basco, Romero & Yáñez. (2011). Bioquímica: conceptos generales. Editorial Médica Panamericana.

In-depth bibliography

- Mathews, Van Holde & Ahern. (2002). Bioquímica (3º Edición). Madrid: Pearson Educación, S.A.
- Lozano, Galindo, García-Borrón, Martínez-Liarte, Peñafiel & Solano. (2005). Bioquímica y Biología Molecular para Ciencias de la Salud. Madrid: McGraw-Hill Interamericana.
- Román, Bellido, García & Oliveira. (2018). Dietoterapia, nutrición clínica y metabolismo. Toledo: Aula médica.
- Rodota & Castro. (2019). Nutrición Clínica y Dietoterapia (2º Edición). Editorial Panamericana.
- Farran, Zamora & Cervera. (2004). Tablas de composición de alimentos del CESNID. Barcelona: McGraw-Hill Interamericana.

Journals

Se aportarán en la presentación de la asignatura

Web addresses

https://www.jove.com/science-education-library
https://study.com/academy/topic/cell-metabolism-help-and-review.html
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/biology1/
http://www.ted.com
https://www.nature.com/scitable/content/
https://www.nutrition.org.uk/