Analog Electronics is a compulsory subject in the 3rd year of the Degree in Electronic Engineering (DEE), in the 4th year of the Double Degree in Physics and in Electronic Engineering (DDPEE) and an optional subject in the 4th year of the Degree in Physics (DP). In the DEE it is part of the module "Design Techniques in Electronic Engineering" and in the DP part of the module "Instrumentation and Measurement".



The course is focused on the analysis and design of basic and advanced analog circuits and functions. The design of general amplifiers in their most common configurations is addressed, using different device technologies. Likewise, an introduction to the design of analog integrated circuits is included, covering topics such as output stages, current sources, active loads, and other basic functions.



This subject is based on the learning outcomes obtained in the subjects "Electronics" and "Experimental Techniques II" of the 2nd year of the DEE, the DP and the DDPEE. It also requires knowledge of semiconductor physics, especially in relation to the study of second-order effects that limit the behavior of integrated circuits. For this, the subject makes use of knowledge acquired either in the subject "Electronic and Optoelectronic Devices" in the 3rd year of the DEE and in the 4th year of the DDPEE, or in the subject "Physics of the State Solid I" of the 4th year of the DP. Finally, it is highly advisable to have the ability to solve simple electronic circuits by combining circuit theory and the simplified operation of electronic devices.



In relation to the professional field, the subject provides knowledge and skills that contribute to the development of the exit profile of the students and their insertion in various sectors: Components, Consumer Electronics and Professional Electronics (Industrial, Electromedicine, Defense, Instrumentation, among others).

At the end of the course, students are expected to be able to:



1. Analyze and interpret the functionality of analog circuits, discrete and integrated, based on their circuit diagram at different levels of abstraction.

2. Solve analog circuits and systems using the appropriate methodology.

3. Properly design, through discrete and integrated techniques, the different modules that make up the amplifier circuits as well as their interconnection to achieve the required specifications.

4. Manage analog simulators as tools to help the design of analog electronic circuits.

5. Correctly use measurement equipment and electronic instrumentation to carry out measurements in analog circuits, promoting teamwork.

6. Approach autonomously and efficiently the search and treatment of information in the context of electronic design as a means to promote the updating of knowledge.

7. Communicate in writing knowledge, results and ideas related to analog electronics.



These competencies are a concretion of the competencies defined at module and/or subject level in the study plans of the Degree in Electronic Engineering and the Degree in Physics.

1- Introduction to analog circuits

Analog circuits versus digital circuits. Discrete circuits and integrated circuits. Fundamentals of amplification.

2- Basic amplifier stages

Bipolar transistor bias in discrete circuits. Amplifier stages: common emitter, common base and common collector. Field effect transistor biasing in discrete circuits. Amplifier stages: common source, common gate and common drain. Frequency response.

3- Amplifying stages with several transistors

Cascode Amplifier. The Darlington pair. Multistage amplifiers with RC coupling. Feedback circuits (Miller's Theorem).

4- Output stages

Classification of the output stages. Class A output stage. Class B output stage. Class AB output stages.

5- The differential amplifier

Differential amplification: concepts and definitions. Large signal analysis. Operation of differential pair in small signal: differential mode analysis, common mode analysis, superposition of common and differential modes, Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR).

6- Current sources (bipolar and CMOS)

Basic CMOS current mirror. Control of currents and multiple outputs. Bipolar mirrors. High output impedance mirrors: Cascode mirror, Wilson mirror. Widlar source.

7- Amplifying stages and active loads.

Basic CMOS amplifier stages with active loads. Basic differential amplifier with active loads. Cascode differential amplifier.

8- Linear analog integrated circuits

CMOS operational amplifier. Study of an analog integrated circuit (bipolar technology, CMOS, ...).

The subject is developed in lectures, classroom practices and seminars. In addition, the subject also has laboratory practices and computer practices.



In the lectures, the theoretical concepts related to the subject will be explained, illustrating them with simple examples and problems to be solved by the students will be proposed. In the classroom practices, practical examples will be developed and the proposed problems will be corrected and discussed, promoting the active participation of the students. Finally, in order to promote collaborative learning, theoretical/practical seminars will also be held to deepen some of the topics covered.



In the computer practices, simulation practices will be carried out to fix the theoretical concepts, understand the limitations of real circuits and to work on the analog simulations themselves, which constitute an essential tool for the analysis and design of electronic circuits.



The learning is complemented with the design, assembly and verification in the electronic instrumentation laboratory of a set of circuits of practical interest.



In addition, the eGela tool will be used as a means of communication with the student and as a platform for disseminating learning material and teaching resources. Tasks will also be proposed through eGela and this tool will be used to provide the necessary feedback to improve learning.



Finally, the importance of tutorials is to be highlighted. Teachers' tutorial schedules are accessible from GAUR.

• Continuous Assessment System
• Final Assessment System
• Tools and qualification percentages:
  • Written test to be taken (%): 70
  • Realization of Practical Work (exercises, cases or problems) (%): 20
  • Individual works (%): 10

CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT SYSTEM:



-Throughout the school period, students will carry out various tests and activities to assess their progress. These tests and activities will have the following weighting in the assessment of the subject:



20 %: Practices and reports.

The completion of laboratory practices is mandatory to pass the course through the continuous assessment system.

Minimum grade required: 5 out of 10.



10 %: Deliverable assignments and exercises.

Failure to complete these activities implies the loss of the corresponding grade.



Throughout the course, guidelines will be given to improve the work delivered to guide the student in improving subsequent deliveries.





-On the official date established in the exam period, a written test will be taken with the following weighting in the assessment of the subject:



70 %: Individual written test.

The written test will consist of problems to solve, theory questions applied to the proposed problems and questions related to the instrumentation and simulation practices carried out in the corresponding laboratories.

Minimum grade required: 4.5 out of 10.



The final grade will be obtained from the weighted average of the previous grades. If the minimum grade required in the practices and/or in the individual written test is not reached, the final grade for the subject will be a maximum of 4.5 out of 10.





RESIGNATION TO CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT:



Students who do not want to participate in the continuous assessment must request in writing to the coordinator of the subject to resign to the continuous assessment within a period of 9 weeks from the beginning of the semester. In this case, the evaluation will be carried out through the final evaluation system.





FINAL EVALUATION SYSTEM:



The final evaluation system will consist of an individual written test and a practice exam with the following weighting:



80 %: Individual written test.

The written test will consist of problems to solve, theory questions applied to the proposed problems and questions related to the instrumentation and simulation practices carried out in the corresponding laboratories.

Minimum grade required: 4.5 out of 10.



20 %: Laboratory practice exam.

The laboratory practice exam will be taken after passing the written exam with a minimum grade of 4.5 out of 10 and will include writing reports.

Minimum grade required: 5 out of 10.



The final grade will be obtained from the weighted average of the previous grades. If the minimum grade required in the individual written test is not obtained, the final grade for the subject will be that of the written test. If the minimum grade required in the laboratory practice exam is not obtained, the final grade for the subject will be a maximum of 4.5 out of 10.





RESIGNATION TO ORDINARY CALL:



Not attending the individual test set on the official exam date will mean automatic resignation from the ordinary call.

The evaluation will be carried out through the final evaluation system (see previous section).



However, students who have been evaluated through continuous evaluation in the ordinary call will keep the positive results obtained in the continuous evaluation (20 % related to practices and reports and, if it is for their benefit, also 10 % related to the deliverable assignments and exercises). If the minimum grade required in the individual written test is not obtained, the final grade for the subject will be a maximum of 4.5 out of 10.



Not attending the individual test set on the official exam date will mean automatic resignation from the ordinary call.

- PSPICE analog simulator (student version)
- WEB page of the subject in eGela

Basic bibliography

- A.S. Sedra, K.C. Smith, Microelectronic Circuits, Oxford University Press, New York, 2010.

In-depth bibliography

- P.R. Gray, R.G. Meyer, Analysis and design of analog integrated circuits, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1993.
- D.A. Johns, K. Martin, Analog integrated circuit design, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1997.

Web addresses

- PSpice (student version): Electronics Lab: http://www.electronics-lab.com
- Analog Devices: http://www.analog.com
- Texas Instruments: http://www.ti.com